Before doing historical research, the first step that must be done
is to assign the topic to be researched. Topics to be studied is
topics that deserve to be research and not a repetition
or duplication of previous research. Feasibility research topic history
can be seen from the availability of resources that can be used as material
for research. Do not let us specify topics of interest to
investigated, but the source did not exist. Unlike science research
other knowledge, historical research depends heavily on the availability of resources. So, the topic under study should be a new thing and it is expected
can provide new information or found a new theory.
The selection of this topic is important for historical research is more directed and focused
on the matter to be investigated. To direct the matter to be investigated
in the topic, we should first ask these questions
which will be a problem to be investigated. These questions
include the following.
First what (what) we will carefully, whether we will examine
economic, political, social, cultural, family, military, and others. Question
about what, more to see on those aspects which we shall carefully. For example
we want to make history of our village, then what's so we want to see from
village, whether economic, social, political, cultural, and
other aspects.
Secondly, ie who (WHO) to be investigated. In writing the history of the village
for example, we must define anyone who would us examine, or
social groups which will be investigated, whether the characters,
farming communities, community artisans, village officials, the women,
and others. If we want to examine how the socio-economic development
a village, then one of the components which should we examine the peasants
and craftsmen from the village. Craftsmen and farmers, we need to examine
because this group is directly related to economic life.
We can see how the number of farmers and artisans in the village, how many
earnings, how they work, how many production
it produces, and others.
Third, questions of where (Nowhere), which we will
perusal. This question is an aspect of the spatial or spatial
characteristic of historical disciplines. Can be either spatial or geographical place
to be studied. Whether we will examine the town or village, or region
of an administrative nature such as village, subdistrict, district, provincial, and
countries. If we examine the geographical village, it should be clear geographic boundaries
village that we examine.
Fourth, the proposed is when (Pls). The purpose of the question
This is related to aspects of time limits or periods that will be
object of research. One important feature of the history of science is the existence
context of time. For example, rural social change 1950-1955. Determination of numbers
This year must have considerations that are academic,
for example, because in that year was the beginning of the change until
with years of decline in important changes. These changes
could in the context of social, economic, political and other contexts.
Fifth, the next question is why (why). This question
is more analytical and in-depth. With the example of the theme of writing about
1950-1955 rural social change, the question of why can be related to
why in these social changes? These social changes
can be seen from various characteristics, eg, employment status, land ownership,
education, and others. Changes in employment status such as changes
from farmers to construction workers, the plantation workers, become
factory workers, and change for the other jobs. Changes
ownership of land can be seen, for example, the ownership of land is increasingly
narrow or transfer of ownership of local residents to other people
or people outside the village. Social change in education, for example
an increase in people who were directly involved in school education,
number of children of schools at primary school, secondary school,
and at university level has increased.
Various factors could be the cause of social change,
eg due to political policies of the government or may be a
due to geographic or climatic changes. Of the question why,
can look for more in-depth answers by asking questions
how to (How) changes occur. The question of how this, eg
how the relationship of government policy on social change
in rural areas. For example, government policy is to develop sector
resulted in the establishment of industrial factories in rural areas. The industrial sector
It then takes the existing agricultural land in the countryside. As a result,
berpenghidupan population from agriculture to switch to the industrial sector.
As a result of climate change, such as prolonged drought occurs,
so that the farmers move from working on or occupying jobs
fields, a construction worker in the city.
The questions above are very important in determining topics
research. The function of these questions to guide
when we look for sources that will be used as research data. For example
we want to see how social change is characterized by changes
employment status, then we must look for any public work
these rural areas, how much, what are the products produced, and
how much of their income during the period that we have set.
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